6 Failed Jewish States Before Israel | Unpacked

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Published 2024-04-17
While many associate the idea of a Jewish state solely with modern Israel, history tells a tale of multiple attempts to establish Jewish states in locations as diverse as ancient Babylonia and Niagara Falls. Despite their differences in era and geography, each of these states shared a common fate—they never lasted.

Ultimately, these historical attempts underscore a profound truth: the quest for a Jewish state is as old as the Jewish people itself, but the enduring bond between the Jewish people and the Land of Israel is not just a matter of heritage, but of destiny; Israel is the only place where the vision of a Jewish homeland can, and has truly and permanently, taken root.

Chapters
00:00 Intro
00:24 The ancient kingdoms: Ancient Babylonia
02:00 The ancient kingdoms: 5th century Arabia
03:09 The ancient kingdoms: Yemen
04:08 Ararat (Niagara Falls), New York, USA
06:09 Uganda, Africa
07:46 Birobidzhan (Siberia), Soviet Union
09:57 Lublin, Poland
10:39 Madagascar, Africa
12:45 The only place that has stuck: the State of Israel

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Image and footage credits:
David Rumsey Map Collection, David Rumsey Map Center, Stanford Libraries
© IWM WPN 219, © IWM IWM 84, © IWM AYY 1163
Un Topo por el Mundo
Yad VaShem
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Executive Producer:
— Barry Skolnick
Co-Executive Producer:
— Shmuel Katz
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Translation credits:
Portuguese: Saymon Pires, www.livrariasafra.com.br, @safralivraria

About Explainers: From ancient Jewish traditions to the modern State of Israel, we explain it all. Diving into anything and everything related to Jewish culture, history, and even religion.
Understand Jewish holidays, Israeli politics, Jewish diasporic communities, and more. Learn about Judaism in pop culture, debunking myths about Jews, and explore obscure Israeli landmarks. We’re asking questions as basic as “What is the Talmud?”, and as obscure as “How did hip-hop boost Kosher wine sales?”, and everything in between.

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All Comments (21)
  • @neilairwin4342
    I visited the Jewish Autonomous Oblast of Birobidzhan in 2008. It still exists and some Jews still live there. It has a synagogue, a rabbi, a Jewish cultural centre, Jewish schools, signs in Yiddish using Hebrew letters, and various Jewish cultural monuments. It is an interesting place with beautiful scenery. Apart from Israel it is the only other official Jewish jurisdiction in the world. Its problem is its extreme remoteness. It took a 6 days train journey from Moscow to reach. I went there because it was my grandfather's dream to either live there or in Israel. He never managed to do either. I lived up to his dream by moving to and living in Israel for 6 years, and going to visit Birobidzhan when I went to Russia. I lived in Russia for a year.
  • @us3rG
    Ethiopians weren't forced into Judaism, Axum empire was much bigger than any jew state
  • @kircharles
    I guess Argentina was missed. There was a plan to construct a state there. It is well documented at Bochorov's writings.
  • @Talinight
    I'm neutral, but i can i request a video next: Jewish communities that remained in the Land of Israel and never went into the diaspora
  • @Kurtlane
    Major problems with the story about Uganda. Dangerous animals as a reason not to go there -- this is just silly. Organized people are no match for any animal. It is people who are truly dangerous. Speaking about people, Masai live predominantly in Kenya and Tanzania. There are a few in Uganda, but not many. Surely their resistance was insignificant. So maybe it was some other people. Who knows. The British colonists in Uganda were living very well at the time. Uganda was declined simply because it wasn't historical Jewish land, so the hearts of the people didn't yearn for it.
  • @zcohent
    I saw an algerian documentary showing there was a jewish kingdom in central algeria called Tamentit
  • There was also the quixotic efforts of the various socialist Bunds to develop autonomy within the areas of the European diaspora where they lived. These efforts, unlike Birobdizhan, at least had the distinction of being Jewish efforts. But none of them succeeded, and after the Shoah Bundism became little more than a poorly remembered ohase in Jewish history.
  • @selinaBARMAR2565
    Being a New Yorker, I grew up around Jewish Communites and worked once for the UJA Federation in NYC. Love good NYC bagels and lox! Some good insights, again I learned something new
  • @YossiWeinstein
    The Jewish state in Himyar lasted about 135 years. The kingdom of Simien in Ethiopia existed almost 200 years. The state of Israel is just shy of 76 years old. What makes you so sure it will last longer than it's ancient predecessors? The fact that it's located in the historic home of the nation?! Well so was the Hashmonean kingdom, which lasted only 77 years. I'm pessimistic about the chances of Israel to outlive me, unless I'll also be sloughtered as many of my people.
  • You didnt mentioned the sefarad in Spain that lead technicallybto a sort of holocoust for us. I guess with Birovidzhan you meant the Oblast, right? Oblast still exist and its still very jew
  • @ddavi_dmi
    Wow, I only knew about the Uganda plan, Birobidzhan and Madagascar 🙏
  • @HaleyMary
    I always thought that a Jewish state in New York would make sense given the high Jewish population there. I'm surprised that there had been one there in the past. This was a very interesting video.
  • @AnalystTosh
    It wasn’t Uganda.. it’s present day Kenya in the Rift Valley region
  • @jamesmarvin8867
    The state of Israel that was once proposed to be established outside the Promised Land failed miserably. 8 proposals to establish the State of Israel in various parts of the world, each as follows: 1820 Virginia, Ararat city (USA) 1903 Uganda “Scheme” (Italian colony at that time) 1940 Guiana (Italian colony at that time) 1928 Russia (Autonomous Oblast/Jewish Autonomous Oblast) 1930 Japan (Fugu Plan) 1938 Madagascar (Madagascar Plan) 1938 Australia (Port Davey) 1936 Ethiopia It was also recorded that The State of Judea – many Israeli settlers in the West Bank are considering declaring independence as the State of Judea if Israel withdraws from the West Bank. In January 1989, several hundred activists met and announced their intention to create such a state if Israel withdrew from the region.
  • @jonl3696
    When I spent a year living in Israel in 2022-2023, I met a 93-year-old woman who said: "Eretz Israel doesn't belong to us, we belong to Eretz Israel. This is our people's eternal home." Israel is indeed the only Jewish home we need.
  • @arvinalz9404
    There wasn't even a Babylonia in the first century. It was a part of the Parthian empire.
  • The Khazar Khaganate is complicated But it didn't fall quickly. The traditional date for the conversion of at least some of their nobility was 740 CE with 860 CE being an alternate date. Either way, they last it is an Empire until 967 CE and the last Khazar polity was destroyed in 1016 CE although it was led by a Christian.
  • And then there was that Baron’s buying up tracts of land in Argentina that many Jews moved to.