The Man Who Accidentally Killed The Most People In History
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2022-04-22に共有
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Massive thanks to Prof. Francois Tissot for suggesting we make a video on the topic of isotope geochemistry. Huge thanks to Prof. Bruce Lanphear for consulting with us on lead and cardiovascular diseases. Thanks to Rayner Moss for the help with the fire-piston.
Patterson’s 1995 interview audio courtesy of the Archives, California Institute of Technology.
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Other great resources you should check out:
Bill Bryson has a chapter in his fantastic “A Short History of Nearly Everything”
Radiolab have a wonderful podcast: www.wnycstudios.org/podcasts/...
Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey has a wonderful episode – S1E7 which does a great job of telling the story of Clair Patterson
A fantastic Mental floss article – www.mentalfloss.com/article/9...
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References:
Much of the lead-crime hypothesis data is from Rick Nevin’s work – ricknevin.com/
WHO factsheet on lead poisoning – www.who.int/news-room/fact-sh...
WHO press release about the end of leaded gasoline news.un.org/en/story/2021/08/...
UNICEF report – ve42.co/UNICEF
Needleman, H. (2004). Lead poisoning. Annu. Rev. Med., 55, 209-222. ve42.co/Needleman1
Needleman, H. L. (1991). Human lead exposure. CRC Press. ve42.co/Needleman2
Needleman, H. L. et al. (1979). Deficits in psychologic and classroom performance of children with elevated dentine lead levels. New England journal of medicine, 300(13), 689-695. – ve42.co/Needleman3
Needleman, H. L. et al. (1996). Bone lead levels and delinquent behavior. Jama, 275(5), 363-369. ve42.co/Needleman4
Kovarik, W. J. (1993). The ethyl controversy: the news media and the public health debate over leaded gasoline, 1924-1926 ve42.co/Kovarik2
Edelmann, F. T. (2016). The life and legacy of Thomas Midgley Jr. In Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania ve42.co/Edelmann
More, A. F. et al. (2017). Next‐generation ice core technology reveals true minimum natural levels of lead (Pb) in the atmosphere: Insights from the Black Death. GeoHealth, 1(4), 211-219. ve42.co/More1
McFarland, M. J., et al. (2022). PNAS 119(11), e2118631119. ve42.co/McFarland
Kovarik, W. (2005). Ethyl-leaded gasoline. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, 11(4), 384-397. ve42.co/Kovarik3
Nevin, R. (2007). Understanding international crime trends: the legacy of preschool lead exposure. Environmental research, 104(3), 315-336. – ve42.co/Nevin2007
Ericson, J. E., et al. (1979). Skeletal concentrations of lead in ancient Peruvians. New England Journal of Medicine, 300(17), 946-951. – ve42.co/Ericson1
Patterson, Claire. The Isotopic Composition of Trace Quantities of Lead and Calcium ve42.co/Patterson1
Boutron, C. F., & Patterson, C. C. (1986). Lead concentration changes in Antarctic ice during the Wisconsin/Holocene transition. Nature, 323(6085), 222-225. – ve42.co/Boulton1
Patterson, C. (1956). Age of meteorites and the earth. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 10(4), 230-237. – ve42.co/Patterson2
Lanphear, B. P. et al (2018). Low-level lead exposure and mortality in US adults: a population-based cohort study. The Lancet Public Health, 3(4), e177-e184. – ve42.co/Lanphear1
Schaule, B. K., & Patterson, C. C. (1981). Lead concentrations in the northeast Pacific: evidence for global anthropogenic perturbations. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 54(1), 97-116. – ve42.co/Schaule1
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Written by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev, Chris Stewart, and Katie Barnshaw
Edited by Trenton Oliver
Filmed by Petr Lebedev
Animation by Fabio Albertelli, Jakub Misiek, Ivy Tello, Mike Radjabov, and Caleb Worcester
SFX by Shaun Clifford
Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images
Music from Epidemic Sound
Produced by Derek Muller, Petr Lebedev, and Emily Zhang
コメント (21)
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Happy Earth Day! If you want to offset your carbon emissions I will personally cover the first month of your subscription at ve42.co/wren (for the first 100 people to sign up)
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Imagine being the person responsible for making an entire generation dumber on average. That’s a sad legacy to leave behind.
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Gives an entire generation lead poisoning. Rips a hole in the ozone. Refuses to elaborate, gets strangled by his own invention.
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This video should be shown in every school, It would deserve a movie adaptation. You made an excellent job here!
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Thank you so much for such an amazing video and production. I’d only wish you would have mentioned the lead mines in Kabwe (Zambia) in the end, which still have an effect for more than 200.000 people today. It’s one of the biggest environmental problems which no one ever talks about.
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Considering he spent a year recovering from lead toxicity, claiming he "accidentally" killed the most people in history seems a bit generous.
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The moment that Midgley pretended that Ethyl wasn't dangerous (especially after HE, HIMSELF, had just recovered from lead poisoning) was the moment that it was no longer an "ACCIDENT" that he poisoned the world.
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I cannot believe that the SAME GUY was responsible for both leaded gasoline and CFCs. What a small world. A small, dangerously delicate world.
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WOW these videos are packed with things I've not heard much about and it does it in a very well manner!
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If it's a story about chemistry hurting people, you can bet DuPont is going to be mentioned at least once.
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Clair Patterson was a big part of getting lead out of gasoline. He didn't just do the research, he testified to lawmakers as well. He's one of those true heroes that we shamefully never get told about in school.
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Your productions are so well done and informative. Thank you
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Wow, such an impressive production! This is probably the best informative Youtube Channel out there. Who would know Lead had this level of impact. Amazing... Thank you
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I think "accidental" is more than a little generous. They knew it was poison. They just chose to ignore it because of the opportunity for profit.
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Let's be honest. Thomas Midgley did not operate in isolation. He had many enablers and was ultimately just an employee of General Motors. By putting the blame on Midgley, it offers a convenient escape from culpability to GM, Standard Oil, DuPont, and many other corporations.
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Well done mini doc! Very informative! Thank you!
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What a terrific video. Informative and very well researched.
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"We'll go down in history as the first society that wouldn't save itself because it wasn't cost effective" Kurt Vonnegut
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Considering he spent a year recovering from lead toxicity, claiming he "accidentally" killed the most people in history seems a bit generous
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Excellent. Contextualised facts that I knew but an impact that I did not.
