Richard Karp: Algorithms and Computational Complexity | Lex Fridman Podcast #111

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Published 2020-07-26
Richard Karp is a professor at Berkeley and one of the key figures in the history of theoretical computer science. In 1985, he received the Turing Award for his research in the theory of algorithms, including the development of the Edmonds–Karp algorithm for solving the maximum flow problem on networks, Hopcroft–Karp algorithm for finding maximum cardinality matchings in bipartite graphs, and his landmark paper in complexity theory called "Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems", in which he proved 21 problems to be NP-complete. This paper was probably the most important catalyst in the explosion of interest in the study of NP-completeness and the P vs NP problem.

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EPISODE LINKS:
Richard's wikipedia: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_M._Karp

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OUTLINE:
0:00 - Introduction
3:50 - Geometry
9:46 - Visualizing an algorithm
13:00 - A beautiful algorithm
18:06 - Don Knuth and geeks
22:06 - Early days of computers
25:53 - Turing Test
30:05 - Consciousness
33:22 - Combinatorial algorithms
37:42 - Edmonds-Karp algorithm
40:22 - Algorithmic complexity
50:25 - P=NP
54:25 - NP-Complete problems
1:10:29 - Proving P=NP
1:12:57 - Stable marriage problem
1:20:32 - Randomized algorithms
1:33:23 - Can a hard problem be easy in practice?
1:43:57 - Open problems in theoretical computer science
1:46:21 - A strange idea in complexity theory
1:50:49 - Machine learning
1:56:26 - Bioinformatics
2:00:37 - Memory of Richard's father

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All Comments (21)
  • @lexfridman
    I really enjoyed this conversation with Richard. Here's the outline: 0:00 - Introduction 3:50 - Geometry 9:46 - Visualizing an algorithm 13:00 - A beautiful algorithm 18:06 - Don Knuth and geeks 22:06 - Early days of computers 25:53 - Turing Test 30:05 - Consciousness 33:22 - Combinatorial algorithms 37:42 - Edmonds-Karp algorithm 40:22 - Algorithmic complexity 50:25 - P=NP 54:25 - NP-Complete problems 1:10:29 - Proving P=NP 1:12:57 - Stable marriage problem 1:20:32 - Randomized algorithms 1:33:23 - Can a hard problem be easy in practice? 1:43:57 - Open problems in theoretical computer science 1:46:21 - A strange idea in complexity theory 1:50:49 - Machine learning 1:56:26 - Bioinformatics 2:00:37 - Memory of Richard's father
  • @shonguiz0
    This is a real science man, authentic talk not like some of the new age ai gurus wannabes.
  • @heyrmi
    Lex many great professors are growing old each day. Geoffrey Hinton is also one of them please invite him once.
  • @endrawes0
    Whenever an older person is in the show I know I'm in for a treat of wisdom. Especially love it when it's computer science related.
  • @abhishekshah11
    As a guy who studies graph theory for purely enthusiasm, tuning into this podcast is giving me goosebumps. Thank you Lex. <3
  • You know when it's a very intelligent person talking when that person can take really complex tasks and break them down and explain them to anyone. Thanks for the podcast Lex Friedman and Richard Karp!
  • I have been waiting for this for so long :))). I attended a public lecture by Richard Karp and was in awe the entire time and absolutely loved it. He was so excited, sharp and passionate even at 84 and I derived a better understanding of the nature of problems in theoretical cs and the structure of the field in general.
  • Hey Lex your podcast is just like the e^x graph which keeps on increasing in the positive direction of the x axis. They are literally amazing. Can you bring Linus Torvalds next?
  • @KaraNodrik
    Thank you for continually educating! I appreciate it a lot
  • This is brilliant. Complexity, networks, graphs, AI and implications for Social Psychology and Cognitive science. Thanks a lot Lex Fridman and Richard Karp.
  • @niranjanpoudel3226
    transportation problem solving are so under appreciated, mix of economics, psychology, behavior, flow ... everything
  • @CryingMG
    Richard Karp is by far one of the pillars of Computer Science, a true titan in the field. What a great podcast!
  • @khuebner
    Thank you Lex for providing an outline to your video! Makes it easy to listen to areas of interest. I wish more video bloggers would do this.
  • Thank you very much for this interview with Prof. Karp. For me, computational complexity is the most fascinating topic, and it is absolutely great to hear the major contributors talk about it.
  • @ronswanson3656
    You had me at "Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems"
  • @dankoni
    once again, speaking for the devs in here, THANK YOU for episodes like this one 🙏♥️🤓
  • This video answered at least 10 questions that I always struggled with. Thanks, Lex!
  • @bsuperbrain
    These podcasts are amazing! Greetings from Hungary!
  • @malozar9214
    I suffer from severe insomnia. This helps me fall asleep. I get knocked out during the first 10min