What Was The Earth Like 2 Billion Years Ago?

Correction: Melody at the beginning is Ukrainian not specifically Soviet. References and follow up reading: www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/ask… inis.iaea.org/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Publi… pubs.usgs.gov/of/1986/0517/report.pdf medium.com/the-physics-arxiv-blog/in-the-1970s-sci… www.scientificamerican.com/article/ancient-nuclear… www.iaea.org/sites/default/files/publications/maga… www.livescience.com/64743-oldest-motility-on-earth… www.bbc.com/future/article/20190503-the-deepest-ho… www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoir… news.cnrs.fr/articles/life-was-already-moving-21-b… www.wired.com/2010/06/early-multicellularity/ www.science20.com/news_articles/gabon_fossils_reve…

History Channel: Here’s a pawn store and/or a storage unit. Discovery Channel: here are some some truckers. This channel: here’s actual science and history for you. Thank you!

These presentations are masterful. The order in which the stories are pieced together combined with spot-on narrative and impactful imagery is simply brilliant

I've heard that more recently the theory is that some heavier elements such as uranium were actually most likely formed in neutron star mergers and not in supernovas themselves. It doesn't make a major difference for the purposes here, as the point is that almost all uranium on Earth was created at the same time billions of years ago, but the closer details and theories of nucleosynthesis might be worth exploring more closely in the later episodes of the sister series on the history of the universe.

After having watched a good number of videos in both series, I think you are due the praise that you deserve. Not only am I fascinated by the contents you present, but I am a writer (novelist) and I do appreciate the language with which you package your information very much. Sometimes it borders on poetry which delight in reading and writing at times. I can see how much effort you have put into the language you use to present what you have to say. Thank you very much

I just want to add, the writing in this series is off the charts. If it is the work of one person, then we have a world-class talent at work. I feel fortunate to have met this person, if only in words. The words really are that good.

Shout out to the camera man who was able to record this for billions of years

11:33 "Toxic Geezers" had me thinking of some of the seniors I've known in life XD

Nice job! I just want to point out that we have fresh samples from the Earth's mantle, they are taken out by some kinds of magmas that rise up in few hours from below the Moho. They are called mantle xenoliths and are stunningly beautiful, with the lime green olivine as dominant constituent. Love them so much.

It is lovely and refreshing to have a YouTuber talk about the Kola Bore Hole without spouting absolute rubbish about 'sounds from hell' or showing images from things with not the slightest relevance to the bore hole, like open cast mines in Canada for instance.

Who funds this ? This is better than most if not all tv documentaries.

Watching this makes me wonder about how the future will play out. One day, the volcanoes will erupt again; the ice will cover the earth. And what will humanity look like when that happens. We truly live in a golden age, and we should appreciate it.

Thank you for the visual of Split Rock Lighthouse at 24:29, a reminder of my first cross-border trip as a pre-teen up Minnesota's North Shore by station wagon to Thunder Bay, then called Fort Williams and Port Arthur, Ontario. The reward was the Malkin's jam we brought back from Canada and enjoyed at breakfast for several weeks.

Looking at prehistoric earth, it makes me realize how insignificant we are. This doesn’t make life feel hopeless, though, it just makes me appreciate it more. It humbled me in some strange way. Edit: didn’t expect to get hardcore Christians to flood the replies lmao. Isn’t there something in there that says not to flaunt your beliefs around? I already believe in god, I don’t need lectures on not wearing wool and Lenin together or to not eat pork. I appreciate life with and without god, I’m humbled by the reality we’ve been through. I believe that god made the universe to be vast and huge (not bigger than him, for he is everything and more), he made space to exist for us to one day explore even if it seems impossible. So y’all can chill out with the rapture and fear-mongering about raptures and stuff.

One doesn't even need to have special interests in subjects like these to enjoy them. For many students, method of presentation determines whether they are boring or fascinating and ultimately learning valuable knowledge. Congratulations on a super channel, that from the many comments on here, you can have real pride in your work.

this channel is absolutely fantastic. I saw the "great oxidation event" first then started watching from the start. It's really impressive what you've done with just narration and some footage and stills. There is quite a lot of information that can be difficult to follow. I'm often rewinding a bit because I didn't catch something. I think it may be easier to follow if there was also occasionally some text on the screen - for example if the narrator says "two billion years ago" showing that on the screen, or that some life combined or evolved with some other. not whole sentences but just a couple of words.

7:06 - Far from being still or quiet, the ice-covered ocean was constantly in movement, due to currents below it, but mainly due to the tidal force of the moon on both the near and far side. Tides were only a little larger than today, with around 20% higher lunar gravity on Earth's surface. Plus the Earth rotated more quickly, and so the tides were more frequent. And so, the surface of the sea ice would produce a lot of scary ice sounds, and move around a lot, like a glacier on the sea in a tidal bay. So it's wrong to think of ice-covered oceans behaving like ice on land - which is for the most part, still and quiet.

the quality of these videos is just insane

It's really refreshing to watch an educational and informative video where the majority of comments aren't dumb jokes and memes.

You have outstanding content. Really well done. You deserve much more than a YouTube channel. I've watched a lot of your docs, just happened to finally comment on this one before even watching it.