Why hypergraphs might be a good model of the universe with Jonathan Gorard

Published 2022-12-22
Wolfram Physics is based on hypergraphs.

Why?

What is it about hypergraphs that might make them a better model of the universe than, say, strings of characters, or cellular automata, or Turing machines?

When I asked Jonathan Gorard this question, he gave an answer that was deeply insightful.

It’s such a core question, so fundamental to why we should take the Wolfram model seriously, that I’ve listened to Jonathan’s answer over and over.



Jonathan Gorard

• Jonathan Gorard at The Wolfram Physics Project www.wolframphysics.org/people/jonathan-gorard/
• Jonathan Gorard at Cardiff University www.cardiff.ac.uk/people/view/2648612-gorard-jonat…
• Jonathan Gorard on Twitter twitter.com/getjonwithit

• The Centre for Applied Compositionality www.appliedcompositionality.com/
• The Wolfram Physics Project www.wolframphysics.org/

People and Concepts mentioned by Jonathan

• Roger Penrose en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Penrose
• Rafael Sorkin en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafael_Sorkin
• Tommaso Bolognesi wolframphysics.org/people/tommaso-bolognesi/

• Causal Set Theory en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causal_sets

• Hasse diagram en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasse_diagram

• Riemannian distance en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riemannian_manifold

• Strings (of characters) mathworld.wolfram.com/String.html
• Cellular automata mathworld.wolfram.com/CellularAutomaton.html
• Turing machines mathworld.wolfram.com/TuringMachine.html

• Lorentz invariance en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorentz_covariance
• General covariance en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_covariance

Image credit

• Wolf-Rayet nebula nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-ast… – Nebula surrounding the Wolf-Rayet star WR124 in the constellation Sagittarius. (Produced with the Wide-Field Planetary Camera 2, Hubble Space Telescope.) – NASA www.nasa.gov/ – NSSDCA Photo Gallery nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/ – Yves Grosdidier (University of Montreal and Observatoire de Strasbourg), Anthony Moffat (Universitie de Montreal), Gilles Joncas (Universite Laval), Agnes Acker (Observatoire de Strasbourg) – Public domain nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/photo_gallery/photogallery-faq…

Prefer to listen to the audio? Search for The Last Theory in your podcast player, or listen at lasttheory.com/podcast/026-why-hypergraphs-might-b…

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All Comments (14)
  • I like that you are showing those significant terms/names that Jonathan are mentioning as he mentioned them.
  • @Kowzorz
    Plus the abstractability of graphs is just... nice... Even if this deadends ultimately, it will still be a fruitful place to search for meaning in the places it does work. "What sort of systems are homomorphic to this sort of graph rewrite structure?" kind of thing.
  • Hey Mark, just a suggestion, but you might consider putting the episode number in the thumbnail or title somewhere. Coming from someone who was first seeing your videos on YouTube, it was kind of confusing to know what this whole thing was about and where to start. I just now found your playlist with all the videos in order, and it makes way more sense watching them this way (instead of just clicking on the next video recommended on the side of my screen). I know the episode number is in the video itself, but I personally didn't realize it until watching 5 videos or so. I'm saying this because I bet there are people like me who never found the playlist, or just became confused because they were watching them out of order and lost interest. (For example, the first video recommended to me was the one about "what is a hypergraph") Anyway, it may not be as big of a deal as I think it is, but thought I'd share. Thanks for putting together these videos! They give me motivation
  • @drdca8263
    I feel I may seem more critical than I intend when I comment on your videos, so I want to say that when I finally got around to watching this one, I quite liked it, and appreciate e.g. how you included links to the various concepts mentioned, and in general did a good job editing etc. Good video!
  • @frun
    Yes, the rigidity of a cellular automaton (CA) is bad, but CA is great as a starting point/special case. And yes, graphs are amazing.
  • I heard some guy in geometric algebra found simpel laws for all laws of physics (not sure if gravity included). He could not explain the 3 generations though, and he believed could be related to conformal invariance. I wonder if it is really that simple. But it would be awesome if that is possible.
  • @Ruktiet
    This should be a preliminary to anyone trying to really grasp the Wolfram Physics Project foundations; to be able to contextualize where this seemingly arbitrary and, at first glance, magically adequate structure evolved from. To see that this idea is not just a random example of something capable of showing computational irreducibility. But I’m a bit confused: isn’t the hypergraph datastructure directly translatable to a turing machine state? If not, then how would we even be able to perform the rewriting rules on a computer? So it must be the case, so wouldn’t a turing machine be an adequte data structure just as well?
  • @Self-Duality
    I often wonder whether Jonathan is spiritual in a mathematically-generalized sense 😌💭
  • Wow! I understood what the conformal transformations are and the kinematics, but much of that stuff is definitely not in my wheelhouse. I'll have to brush up on my graph theory and hunker down and study those other "nut-and-bolt" definitions. Still I don't see how their framework is going to handle nonlinearity and randomness any better than anyone else's?
  • @wujacob4642
    Thank you for this very informative video, but Jonathan doesn't explain why hypergraph instead of graph is used, which one might be curious immediately since any hypergraph can be expressed as a graph?
  • I think at the end of the day, well discover countless systems that or physics could drive from. Just a hunch.
  • @alphalunamare
    One has to say that the 'Yeps' are an extremely annoying distraction from the brilliant flow. Even to the extent of switching the bloody thing off.