Every "most distant galaxy known" from 1925-2024 | RECORD BREAKERS

Dr. Becky
Dr. Becky
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Published 2024-07-18
AD | To try everything Brilliant has to offer for free for a full 30 days, visit brilliant.org/DrBecky and you'll also get 20% off an annual premium subscription. | The current most distant galaxy known is JADES-GS-z14-0, which was found in a JWST image. But there’s a whole long list of galaxies that have come before it from1925 onwards. In this video we’re going through the science history of which galaxies once held the title of "the most distant galaxy known".

00:00 - Introduction
01:47 - AD | Brilliant
03:14 - 1925 Andromeda
04:46 - 1929 NGC 7619
07:38 - 1929 NGC 4860
07:47 - 1930 BGC Ursa Major
07:55 - 1931 BCG Leo
08:05 - 1936 BCG Böotes Cluster
08:41 - 1956 BCG Hydra cluster
09:26 - 1960 3C 295
10:30 - 1964 3C 147
11:21 - 1965 3C 9
12:08 - 1973 OH 471
12:24 - 1987 Q0051-279
12:37 - 1991 PC1247+3406
13:49 - 1997 CL1358+62
14:51 - 1998 RD1
15:15 - 1998 HDF 4-473.0
15:57 - 1999 SSA22-HCM1
16:08 - 2000 SDSSp J104433.04–012502.2
16:40 - 2001 SDSSp J103027.10+052455.0
16:54 - 2002 HCM 6A
17:39 - 2003 SDF J132418.3+271455
17:46 - 2005 SDF J132522.3 + 273520
17:52 - 2006 IOK-1
18:13 - 2009 GRB 090423 host
19:15 - 2015 EGSY8p7
19:39 - 2016 GN-z11
22:47 - 2023 JADES-GS-z13
23:49 - 2024 JADES-GS-z14-0
25:01 - Bloopers

Hubble (1925; M31) - articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1925PA.....33..252…
Hubble (1929; distance correlated velocity) - www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.15.3.168
Humason (1929; NGC 7619) - www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.15.3.167
Humason & Pease (1929; NGC 4860) - articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1929PASP...41..244.
Humason (1930; BCG of Ursa Major) - articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1930ApJ....71..351…
Humason (1931; BCG in Leo) - articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1931ApJ....74...35…
Humason (1936; BCG in Böotes) - articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1936ApJ....83...10…
Humason, Mayall & Sandage (1956; BCG Hydra cluster) - articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1956AJ.....61...97…
Minkowski (1960; 3C 295) - articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1960ApJ...132..908…
Schmidt & Matthews (1964; 3C 147) - articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1964ApJ...139..781…
Carswell & Strittmatter (1973; OH471) - www.nature.com/articles/242394a0
Warren et al. (1987; Q0051 – 279) - www.nature.com/articles/330453a0
Schneider, Schmidt & Gunn (1991; PC1247+3406) - articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1991AJ....102..837…
Frank et al. (1997; CL1358+62 lensed galaxy) - arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9704090
Dey et al. (1998; RD1) - arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9803137
Weymann et al. (1998; HDF 4–473.0) - arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9807208
Hu, McMahon & Cowie (1999; SSA22-HCM1) - arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/9907079
Fan et al. (2000; SDSSp J104433.04–012502.2) - arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0005414
Fan et al. (2001; SDSSp J103027.10+052455.0) - arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0108063
Hu et al. (2022; HCM 6A) - arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0203091
Kodaira et al. (2003; SDF J132418.3+271455) - arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0301096
Taniguchi et al. (2005; SDF J132522.3 + 273520) - arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0407542
Eye et al. (2006; IOK-1) - arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0609393
Tanvir et al. (2009; GRB 090423 host) - arxiv.org/pdf/0906.1577
Robertson et al. (2015; reddest galaxies in CANDELS) - arxiv.org/pdf/1506.00854
Zitrin et al. (2015; EGSY8p7) - arxiv.org/pdf/1507.02679
Oesch et al. (2016; GN-z11) - arxiv.org/pdf/1603.00461
Jiang et al. (2021; GN-z11) - arxiv.org/pdf/2012.06936
Bunker et al. (2023; GN-z11) -arxiv.org/pdf/2302.07256
Yan et al. (2023; z~15-20 galaxy candidates with JWST) - arxiv.org/pdf/2207.11558
Robertsoni et al. (2023; JADES reddest galaxies) - arxiv.org/pdf/2212.04480
Curtis-Lake et al. (2023; JADES-GS-z13) - arxiv.org/pdf/2212.04568
Carniani et al. (2024; JADES-GS-z14-0) - arxiv.org/pdf/2405.18485


Video filmed on a Sony ⍺7 IV

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👩🏽‍💻 I'm Dr. Becky Smethurst, an astrophysicist at the University of Oxford (Christ Church). I love making videos about science with an unnatural level of enthusiasm. I like to focus on how we know things, not just what we know. And especially, the things we still don't know. If you've ever wondered about something in space and couldn't find an answer online - you can ask me! My day job is to do research into how supermassive black holes can affect the galaxies that they live in. In particular, I look at whether the energy output from the disk of material orbiting around a growing supermassive black hole can stop a galaxy from forming stars.


drbecky.uk.com/
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All Comments (21)
  • @EnglishMike
    It's crazy to think that there are people still alive today who were born into a world that believed the Universe was no larger than the size of our own Milky Way galaxy. It's a great reminder of just how far astrophysics and cosmology have come in just the last 100 years.
  • @Reaper6973
    I really like history of astronomy type stuff. Or astronomy stuff. I'd honestly listen to you talk about anything you're passionate about. 🎉
  • @bryandraughn9830
    When I was a tiny astronomer I can remember looking at the images of galaxies in the 1977 time life encyclopedia titled "our universe". One image in particular had an "interloper" in the corner next to the main galaxy. I remember thinking " there are Interlopers?!?!" I never imagined we would be looking at images with thousands of galaxies. There's SO MANY!!
  • @Valkhiya
    I'd love to see a video on the history of the mass gap between the heaviest stars and lightest black holes we know of.
  • @bobvuleta8941
    Would absolutely love more videos discussing records in astronomy. To many laymen, it is precisely the scale of the universe that draws people in.
  • @jacksquiggle3238
    'List' videos and programmes usually leave me cold, but this is fantastic! The combination of enthusiasm, excitement, descriptions of astrophysical techniques, a smattering of panicky hope (during the JWST launch) and your ever-present love of the subject makes this amazing. Thank you so much. Bring on another list..
  • @DataRae-AIEngineer
    Thanks for making this. I love the idea of record breakers. You're one of the only channels I watch that isn't computer science, and super excited to see more record breaking stuff.
  • @ammontreasure4626
    Love the idea of record breakers for a series - looking forward to more! Maybe the most massive (and least massive) stars, galaxies with the most stars, or the most energetic light detections.
  • @deeplearning7097
    JWST has been the masterpiece we all hoped it would. Thanks Dr. B.
  • @EdinMike
    Love the sly nod to Record Breakers at the end… In other words, people from the UK who are old enough to remember it ! 😂
  • @robdavis3274
    One of your best videos 🎉. Perfect mix of history, science and personal connection
  • @edrupp2318
    I love Dr. Becky's enthusiasm for astronomy. Her videos are so much fun to watch!
  • @johnnyragadoo2414
    This YouTube channel is like flypaper for science. Enthusiasm, joy of discovery - it's an ongoing advertisement for STEM studies. And that's a good thing!
  • @haroondaniel7245
    fabulous video...thank you, Dr. Becky 🧡...I'm huge fan of yours
  • @christianhegelbach3082
    Great Video and idea for a series, would definitely watch more. Pleas think about ending on a chart of some sorts. Thou I watch many of your videos I don't have an intuitive grasp on units such as redshift and a visualization would help me immensely. Thank you for your great work!
  • @NomadUniverse
    Tell me all the stuff Dr, could listen to you forever.