Electro-Mechanical Resonant Oscillator

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Published 2022-10-30
In this video I'll show how to build a resonant mechanical oscillator that's driven by an electromagnet. The electromagnet is pulsed by a circuit

with an adjustable frequency, so it can be fine tuned to run at the exact resonant frequency of the spring-mass system. In this case that

frequency is about 11 Hz. The driver basically just consists of a 555 timer and a MOSFET to turn the coil on and off. In the future, i think i

need to use a feedback controller to do this, because even when i get the system to resonate, it eventually drifts out of phase and resonance

dies off (even though the frequency is matched).

This type of device is commonly found in the compressor section of compact cryocoolers for infrared imaging and other sensors that require

extremely cold temperatures to operate. Suspending the compressor pistons on a flat spring or "flex bearing" and driving them at resonance allows

for high power and efficiency even with the relatively weak forces between the magnets and the coils. This is analogous to a flywheel on a

crankshaft, but is lighter, smaller, and more reliable. By avoiding the need for the bearings and linkages present in a rotary system, this kind

of devbice can achieve an extremely long service life (some are rated for over 200,000 hours of operation) inside a hermetically sealed unit.

This is part of my investigation into building my own refrigeration system (and eventually cryocooler) without HFC's/phase change refrigerants.

Several months ago i made a video showing how i built a compressed air turbine which I intended to use as a Brayton cycle cooler, and while it

did work, the extremely loud noise made it impractical in a home environment, so I'm now investigating reciprocating systems like Stirling/Pulse

Tube/Thermoacoustic/Gifford-McMahon-type devices for generating extremely low temperatures.



Music Used:

Kevin MacLeod - George Street Shuffle
Kevin MacLeod - Groove Groove (Yes, this is the same song that's in Kerbal Space Program)


STL Files:

www.thingiverse.com/thing:5594081


Metal Spring DXF file:

drive.google.com/file/d/1OX4CL7d9jAzPwvoHF9XoKwuRw…


Driver circuit schematic:

drive.google.com/file/d/1chrHYzkV6LTJ1hQsXgQ6WjCTg…



Further reading on cryocoolers:


www2.jpl.nasa.gov/adv_tech/coolers/Cool_ppr/CEC200…

www2.jpl.nasa.gov/adv_tech/coolers/Cool_ppr/Chap%2…


Fabrication shop i used for the metal springs:

sendcutsend.com/

All Comments (21)
  • Hey guys, thanks for the comments. When I develop this into a linear compressor, I'll definitely be adding feedback to keep the resonance on frequency/in phase. I'll be using either a hall sensor for magnet position, or detect zero-crossing events on sense coils.
  • @beatrute2677
    It’s pretty wild that sterling motors are still a valid tech these days. Sweet build man.
  • @Tristoo
    super simple concept yet incredibly entertaining. absolute gold. also insanely smart to use it as a pump like that, cryo stuff is amazing. thank you for the amazing video!
  • @recklessroges
    Your jokes have the perfect resonant frequency for a nine and a half minute video. I really enjoy seeing you build things like your own winding rather than buying one.
  • @loleq2137
    I've recently been learning a bunch of concepts that are present in this video at school! Awesome project.
  • @StormBurnX
    Absolutely brilliant. I'd hoped this would be a build that measures its own resonant oscillation - in other words, add more or less mass to the coil-spring platform, and have it PID (or even just P) tune itself to the new mass. Such a thing would be surely handy in its own way for damping 3D printer oscillation resonance. But, even though this was different than what I'd expected it to be initially, it's still tremendously wonderful work. Side note - you've already SendCutSend'd the springs, so it's too late for that build, but on the next one, consider making your spring coil width taper off with a slight logarithmic reduction as you approach the center of the coil. This will evenly distribute the flexing across the full length of each spiral, rather than the rather visible issue of the center of the spring not flexing at all, and the outside of the spring overflexing.
  • @HakmanEugene
    I'm so glad that i found your channel. Keep going!
  • @gammaleader96
    Very nice to make some standalone thing for testing a part of a bigger system, I really like this approach. Thanks for the cryocooler links, I'm also interested in building a DIY version of one that is able to atleast liquify air.
  • If you want to make it better you could develop the electronic part of the project to self-find the resonance. It coud be easily done by adding one more coil to sense the field (magnet position feedback) and one LM311 or similar comparator. Feedback could be also done via some 3 terminal hall sensor. In mid 50's they made clocks simply by making blocking oscillator with single transistor and the core of the blocking transformer was made resonant in some way. Eather by coupling it to small tuning fork (and then dividing oscillator pulse via flip-flops) or coupling it to a pendulum with a magnet and dividing pendulum movement mechanically...
  • Great project, you can turn this into a actual oscillator by creating a feedback driven circuit. For sensing the position, you can use a loop of wire with a current to voltage converter or a small proximity sensor. A PID control system with opamps can also be implemented. Really nice project. Thanks & Cheers
  • What an ... exciting project ... thank you, I'll be here every saturday fro 3 to 5 pm
  • @zilog1
    The smiley dude is me on caffeine
  • @themeek351
    Congrats! You just made the guts of a speaker!
  • @ostanin_vadym
    Thanks for the content. It is pretty cool science tool.
  • Cute little project! I can see that would be something to shoot ball bearings to a good height on a marble course or drawing in and shooting out short streams of water like those 'bouncing water streams' at Disney World I remember seeing.
  • @samj1012
    Impressive concept put into practice. Thumbs 👍 up. Vast prospects in radionics also.
  • @survantjames
    Solid video, love the quick prototyping of the control problem. We are trying to try to cook up a free piston engine over here as well. MOTŌR smiles upon you, sir. Subbed.
  • @xlu125
    Han Solo's voice speaking about electromagnetic fields. I am subscribed.
  • @raddastronaut
    Yeah, you know what this is similar too. Brutal. I love it.