LDL size and Heart Disease (small dense vs large "fluffy") | Dr. William Cromwell

Published 2023-12-11
Is it safe to have high LDL as long as it's large and "fluffy"? Is LDL size a key determinant of risk?

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References:
1-jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/374…
2-pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15296705/
3-www.ahajournals.org/doi/epdf/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAH…
4-europepmc.org/article/med/10499189
5-www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111…
6-academic.oup.com/jcem/article/88/10/4525/2845681
7-www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105…
8-www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021915…
9-www.lipidjournal.com/article/S1933-2874(21)00248-8…

Disclaimer: The contents of this video are for informational purposes only and are not intended to be medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, nor to replace medical care. The information presented herein is accurate and conforms to the available scientific evidence to the best of the author's knowledge as of the time of posting. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions regarding any medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information contained in Nutrition Made Simple!.

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0:00 Intro
1:40 Small LDL is associated with risk
3:48 LDL size vs number
7:09 ApoB, lipoproteins and risk
9:16 Eliminating confounders
11:22 Genetic lessons
14:25 Small LDL keeps bad company
15:25 Summary & Takeaways

All Comments (21)
  • Incredibly clear communication by him without oversimplifying. You may have competition...
  • @Firebuck
    Dr Cromwell is amazing at breaking down this complex topic! I'm not a clinician nor a statistician but even I could follow his nuanced explanation.
  • @SM_RD
    So many people are still attached to the belief that you don't have to be concerned with LDL as long as they are large particles. It's definitely gonna take some time to change this common misconception.
  • @fayem4091
    I am super early! Love from an other (soon to be) dietitian from Greece! Keep up the great work mate for both the public and us scientists all around the world!
  • @azdhan
    Great video! Many thanks for this Dr Carvalho
  • One of the best clear and concise summaries of particle size, particle number, and interactions as it relates to CVD risk. Thanks.
  • Thank you for the amazing content Gil! The part about FH is really interesting too.
  • @HakuCell
    7:32 over 90% of ApoB particles are LDL [however in a previous video, the same expert said that in most people LDL-C doesn't track well with ApoB, unless your LDL-C is very high or very low, so i'm left a little confused as to which one i should test, also considering that idk the ideal ApoB ranges.]. 7:41 here are the more atherogenic ApoB particles (the bigger ones are less atherogenic). 11:08 small and large LDL particles are equally atherogenic [this seems to contradict what i wrote in the line above]. 11:20 the LDL in familial hypercholesterolemia is large [and not oxLDL, i might add], yet the people with such condition have early events and cardiovascular disease. 11:59 we used to think that small was worse than large. 12:31 large and small are equally associated with heart attack, stroke, and events.
  • @dekyor9547
    Covering every excuse from their book! Good job!
  • A clear concise explanation of a very complex topic. Reinforces the importance of lowering Ldl and Apo B.
  • @stellasternchen
    This is a video everybody eating low carb/keto/carnivore needs to see. Influencers in that area only showing people half of the information, despite it is nothing incredibly new, comming to dangerous conclusions. There has been boycotting of statins, mistrust in primary care providers and their advice, self interpretation of blood test results if you look at the comments of such videos. Difficult to see, yet ineffective discussing with those people. Half truths are extremly dangerous. Thank you for this video, an honour to hear from such an expert that my understanding of the topic is not wrong. I have a question though that has not been answered in this interview. In what cases does the determination of particle size sense in order to not overlook elevated risk, when you have somebody witout risk factors? As Dr. Cromwell was explaining the idea to look at particle size was given by the fact that there are individuals without otherwise detectible risk factors having myocardial infarctions. Family history would come to my mind. In diabetics and insulin resistance you would have elevated TG, so that would give a hint at small particle size, thus not needing advanced lipid testing? Or am I wrong in that regard?
  • @mybjj9643
    That was very good, thank you. Although baffling not even a mention of Lp(a), even when discussing the most concerning ApoB containing particles. Lp(a) certainly should have been included.